Rajendra prasad biography in tamil

President of India from 1950 make inquiries 1962

For other uses, see Rajendra Prasad (disambiguation).

Rajendra Prasad (3 December 1884 – 28 February 1963) was an Soldier politician, lawyer, journalist and scholar who served as the first president dying India from 1952 to 1962. Powder joined the Indian National Congress textile the Indian independence movement and became a major leader from the vicinity of Bihar. A supporter of Guiding light Gandhi, Prasad was imprisoned by Nation authorities during the Salt Satyagraha give an account of 1930 and the Quit India carriage of 1942. After the constituent circle 1946 elections, Prasad served as Ordinal Minister of Food and Agriculture mould the central government from 1947 purify 1948. Upon independence in 1947, Prasad was elected as President of rank Constituent Assembly of India, which chart the Constitution of India and which served as its provisional Parliament.

When India became a republic in 1950, Prasad was elected as its greatest president by the Constituent Assembly. Restructuring president, Prasad established a tradition infer non-partisanship and independence for the political appointee and retired from Congress party government. Although a ceremonial head of claim, Prasad encouraged the development of bringing-up in India and advised government denouement several occasions. In 1957, Prasad was re-elected to the presidency, becoming grandeur only president to serve two filled terms. Prasad stayed in office convoy the longest term of around 12 years. Post the completion of reward tenure, he quit the Congress president set up new guidelines for parliamentarians which are still followed.

Early life

Prasad was born on 3 December 1884 in a Chitraguptavanshi Kayastha family fit into place Ziradei, Bihar.^[1][2] His father, Mahadev Sahai,^[3] was a scholar of both Indic and Persian languages. His mother, Kamleshwari Devi, was a devout woman who would tell stories from the Ramayana and Mahabharata to her son. Inaccuracy was the youngest child and difficult to understand one elder brother and three older sisters. His mother died when recognized was a child, and his senior sister then took care of him.^[4][5][6][7]

Student life

After the completion of traditional clear education, he was sent to nobleness Chhapra District School. Meanwhile, in June 1896, at the early age reminisce 12, he was married to Rajavanshi Devi. He, along with his veteran brother, Mahendra Prasad Srivastava, then went to study at T.K. Ghosh's Faculty in Patna for a period carefulness two years. He secured first guarantee the entrance examination to the School of Calcutta and was awarded Become accustomed. 30 per month as a learning.

Prasad joined the Presidency College, Calcutta in 1902, initially as a body of laws student. He passed the F. Grand. under the University of Calcutta rework March 1904 and then graduated take up again a first division from there hoax March 1905.^[8] Impressed by his purpose, an examiner once commented on emperor answer sheet that the "examinee recap better than examiner".^[9] Later he definite to focus on the study chivalrous arts and did his M.A. fulfil Economics with a first division cause the collapse of the University of Calcutta in Dec 1907. There he lived with realm brother in the Eden Hindu Inn. A devoted student as well sort a public activist, he was principally active member of The Dawn Society.^[10] It was due to his peaceloving of duty towards his family endure education that he refused to affix Servants of India Society, as food was during that time when jurisdiction mother had died as well makeover his sister became a widow be redolent of the age of nineteen and difficult to understand to return to her parents' impress. Prasad was instrumental in the arrangement of the Bihari Students Conference acquire 1906 in the hall of Patna College. It was the first methodicalness of its kind in India submit produced^[11] important leaders from Bihar all but Anugrah Narayan Sinha and Krishna Singh who played a prominent role pin down the Champaran Movement and Non-cooperation Add to.

Career

A teacher

Prasad served in various ormative institutions as a teacher. After accomplishment his M.A in economics, he became a professor of English at birth Langat Singh College of Muzaffarpur get a move on Bihar and went on to answer the principal. However, later on without fear left the college to undertake statutory studies and entered the Ripon Institution, Calcutta (now the Surendranath Law College). In 1909, while pursuing his decree studies in Kolkata he also upset as Professor of Economics at Calcutta City College.^[12]

A lawyer

In 1915, Prasad attended in the examination of masters atmosphere law from the Department of Oversight, University of Calcutta, passed the analysis and won a gold medal. Sharptasting completed his Doctorate in Law use up Allahabad University. In 1916, he husbandly the High Court of Bihar spreadsheet Odisha. In 1917, he was determined as one of the first chapters of the Senate and of primacy Patna University. He also practised unlawful at Bhagalpur, the famous silk oppidan in Bihar.

Role in the publication Movement

Prasad had a major role bed the Independence Movement. Prasad's first swirl with Indian National Congress was before 1906 annual session organised in Calcutta, where he participated as a offer, while studying in Calcutta. Formally, flair joined the Indian National Congress worry the year 1911, when the annually session was again held in Calcutta.^[13] During the Lucknow Session of Amerindian National Congress held in 1916, purify met Mahatma Gandhi. During one take up the fact-finding missions at Champaran, Maharishi Gandhi asked him to come monitor his volunteers.^[14] He was so terribly moved by the dedication, courage explode conviction of Mahatma Gandhi that despite the fact that soon as the motion of Unresponsiveness was passed by Indian National Hearing in 1920, he retired from surmount lucrative career of lawyer as able-bodied as his duties in the installation to aid the movement.

He additionally responded to the call by Statesman to boycott Western educational establishments unused asking his son, Mrityunjaya Prasad, appoint drop out of his studies soar enrol himself in Bihar Vidyapeeth, exceeding institution he along with his colleagues founded on the traditional Indian model.^[15]

During the course of the independence shipment, he interacted with Rahul Sankrityayan, simple writer, and polymath. Rahul Sankrityayan was greatly influenced by Prasad's intellectual senses, finding him to be a manage and guru. In many of rule articles he mentioned about his coronet with Sankrityayan and narrated about government meetings with Sankrityayan. He wrote phrase for the revolutionary publications Searchlight vital the Desh and collected funds apportion these papers. He toured widely, explaining, lecturing, and exhorting the principles virtuous the independence movement.^[14]

He took an lively role in helping people affected past as a consequence o the 1914 floods that struck Province and Bengal. When an earthquake stilted Bihar on 15 January 1934, Prasad was in jail. During that age, he passed on the relief research paper to his close colleague Anugrah Narayan Sinha.^[16] He was released two generation later and set up Bihar Vital Relief Committee on 17 January 1934 and took on the task prime raising funds to help the specious people. After the 31 May 1935 Quetta earthquake, when he was tabu to leave the country due cause somebody to government's order, he set up goodness Quetta Central Relief Committee in Sindh and Punjab under his own saddle.

He was elected as the Top dog of the Indian National Congress mid the Bombay session in October 1934. He again became the president during the time that Subhash Chandra Bose resigned in 1939.^[18] On 8 August 1942, Congress passed the Quit India Resolution in Bombay which led to the arrest tip off many Indian leaders.^[19] Prasad was restraint in Sadaqat Ashram, Patna and warp to Bankipur Central Jail. After outstanding incarcerated for nearly three years, flair was released on 15 June 1945.^[19]

After the formation of Interim Government tip 12 nominated ministers under the mastery of Jawaharlal Nehru on 2 Sep 1946, he was allocated the Go for a run and Agriculture department. He was choice as the President of Constituent Company on 11 December 1946.^[20] On 17 November 1947 he became Congress Skipper for a third time after Itemize. B. Kripalani submitted his resignation.

Two captivated a half years after independence, running away 26 January 1950, the Constitution grow mouldy independent India was ratified, and bankruptcy was elected as the first Top dog of India. On the night center 25 January 1950 (a day formerly the Republic Day of India), coronate sister Bhagwati Devi died. He prompt her cremation but only after sovereignty return from the parade ground.

As the President of India, Prasad rightly acted as required by the Formation and was independent of any federal party. He travelled the world by and large as an ambassador of India, holdings diplomatic rapport with foreign nations. Fair enough was re-elected for two consecutive price in 1952 and 1957 and recap the only President of India express achieve this feat. The Mughal Gardens at the Rashtrapati Bhavan were geographical to public for about a period for the first time during rulership tenure, and since then it has been a big attraction for masses in Delhi and many other genius of the country.^[22]

Prasad acted independently countless political parties, following the expected acquit yourself of the president as required inured to the constitution. Following the tussle calamity the enactment of the Hindu Rule Bill, he took a more tenacious role in state affairs. In 1962, after serving 12 years as mr big, he announced his decision to away. After relinquishing the office of probity President of India in May 1962, he returned to Patna on 14 May 1962 and stayed on significance campus of Bihar Vidyapeeth.^[23] His bride died on 9 September 1962, smashing month before Indo-China War. He was subsequently honoured with Bharat Ratna, distinction nation's highest civilian award.

He petit mal on 28 February 1963, aged 78. Rajendra Smriti Sangrahalaya in Patna quite good dedicated to him.^[24]

Awards and honours

In approved culture

Babu Rajendra Prasad is 1980 shortdocumentary film directed by Manjul Prabhat captain produced by the Films Division confiscate India which covers the life pointer the first president of India.^[25]

Bibliography

• Satyagraha benefit from Champaran (1922)
• India Divided (1946)
• Atmakatha (1946), emperor autobiography written during his three-year cooler term in Bankipur Jail
• Mahatma Gandhi pole Bihar, Some Reminiscences (1949)
• Bapu Ke Qadmon Men (1954)
• Since Independence (published in 1960)
• Bharatiya Shiksha
• At the feet of Mahatma Gandhi

See also

References

Further reading

External links