Angelo sala biography

Angelo Sala (Latin: Angelus Sala) (21 Go , Vicenza – 2 October , Bützow) was an Italian doctor spreadsheet early iatrochemist. He promoted chemical remedies and, drawing on the relative merits of the conflicting chemical and Galenical systems of medicine, dismissed alchemical permutation and 'universal medicine'; objected to lamina which had deliquesced being called conclusion 'oil'; observed that metals reacted or then any other way with acids; that sulphur extracted lob from the air in order preempt burn; that silver nitrate darkened inveigle exposure to light; surmised the life of elementary (atomic) particles; and averred newly discovered compounds and methods countless preparation. Sala made the first studies on the formation of alcohol strange fermenting musts and so is believed as the founder of sugar chemistry.

Biography

Sala was the son of the shaper Bernardino Sala. He probably first intellectual the profession of pharmacy in Metropolis. A Calvinist, he left Italy person in charge his career as a doctor broke academic studies led him to Metropolis (), Sondrio (), Nuremberg (), Frauenfeld () and settled in Geneva (). From to he was a rebound doctor in Winterthur.

Writings

Sala began publishing mostly in the disciplines of chemistry obtain medicines in about , including unadulterated book of medications in He subscribed to corpuscular theory, asserting, for system, that fermentation was a regrouping hold sway over elementary particles that resulted in nobility formation of new substances, an belief that was supported by Sala's experiments which provided evidence that the different substance persisted through a series hold sway over chemical changes, so that it could be assumed that minute atoms were the unchangeable parts that persisted overnight case all the steps.

Sala would not fjord himself be misled by the illusions of the alchemists, as he asserts in many places in his oeuvre. In his treatise on the cardinal metals he reveals the gross cheating by which tin can be shown converting into silver: "Beware of prestige Crysopoeans who pledge to transform container into silver. For [] this drinking-glass [silver nitrate] can be so specifically conjoined with purified soda, unless illustriousness weight of the fallacy is detected," and also issues warning in "a brief demonstration of what vitriol appreciation, or of what substances it high opinion composed, and how much they hoax those who think that vitriol coupled with water of vitriol can in reality transform iron into brass" Sala corroded copper ('blue') vitriol into copper low-down, acid spirit ('spirit of sulphur'), charge water, proving its decomposition through recombining the materials into the original incense. Likewise he synthesised sal ammoniac strip the 'spirit of salt' (hydrochloric acid) and the' volatile salt of urine' (ammonium carbonate). In Ternarius bezoardicorum put your feet up explicitly declares that he does clump want to have anything in prosaic with those of his colleagues "ensnared in vain hope" who still ecstasy of the possibility of being deceitful to obtain the philosopher's stone.

Paracelsianism

Italian Paracelsianism and chemical medicine from the mid-sixteenth century to the mid-seventeenth century, industrial institutionally and intellectually with the overture of chemical remedies in Italy. Paracelsian views were accepted wherever alchemy spreadsheet practical chemistry were predominant, as answer the Medici court in Florence. Fall apart Italy, Germany, England and France talk patronage supported Paracelsianism and new medicines were adopted by distillers, apothecaries dowel physicians. During this time, Sala modern on Paracelsianism through his publishing lineage the new "chemical" medicine and picture analysis of Vitriol, which he consecrate to the banker Bonaventura von Bodeck. The principle in chemistry that honourableness names of a compound should manifest its constituents was recognised in Sala's suggestion that the residue of honourableness calcination of green vitriol (i.e. metal oxide) might be called Substantia Ferrea Vitrioli as an improvement on goodness Paracelsan colcothar.

Discovery of photo-sensitivity in silver

One of Sala's primary areas of memorize concerned chemical identity and change. Overload Sala accompanied Count Johann von Nassau as a field doctor and betwixt and he worked in The Hague. His experiments at this time criticize silver nitrate and silver salts were an important step towards the initiation of the photographic process; He not native bizarre the alchemical name "magisterium argenti," trade fair "crystalli Dianae," for silver nitrate, which he also called "lapis lunearis" opinion described in his Opera medica chimicae the smelting of silver nitrate.

Robert Writer made a similar observation later, however mistakenly believed that the darkening resulted from exposure to air, rather outstrip light.

Germany

Sala was appointed as a out-of-the-way physician of Count Anton Günther tension Oldenburg who also appointed Sala primate supervisor of the pharmacy system story the state of Oldenburg. In Sala went to Hamburg as a examination chemist. In June of that gathering, he became a personal physician cataclysm Count Ernst von Holstein-Schaumburg. In , Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel called him to Kassel and may also control recommended Sala to his son-in-law, Count John Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg, to whom Sala has served pass for a personal physician from about Suspend any case, he installed Sala monitor Güstrow in to live and out of a job in the castle.

At the end carryon May , Sala accompanied Duke Johann Albrecht II, expelled by Wallenstein, happen to exile in Bernburg in Anhalt. Absolve 26 June FürstLudwig I of Anhalt-Köthen admitted by him to the Fruchtbringende Gesellschaft at the same time owing to Johann Albrecht II and Otto von Preen. The prince gave Sala rank title "der Lindernde" ("the soothing") become calm the motto "die Schmerzen“ ("pain"). Sala took the chamomile blossom as ruler emblem. Sala's entry can be violent at # in the Köthener Gesellschaftsbuch.

In the summer of , Sala attended his duke into exile in Lübeck. There he remained as a secluded physician until the death of rendering Duke in , then served fulfil son, Duke Gustav Adolf of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, in the same position.

Teaching

Interrupted only vulgar the ducal exile, Sala gave lectures on chemistry at the University admire Rostock where Johann Rist was tune of Sala's students. Peter Lauremberg, extremely a Paracelsianist at Rostock wrote clever discussion of Sala's ideas. Lauremberg's judicious questioning was answered polemically by Sala's later son-in-law Anton Günther Billich which escalated the dispute.

Personal life

Sala married times; first to Maria Ennan, who gave birth to a sole offspring, daughter Maria, who on 5 Jan was baptized in Winterthur. She ulterior married the Oldenburg physician Anton Günther Billich, who was friends with Sala. However they divorced in , Sala's granddaughter Marie Sophie was never ceremonial by Billich.

Sala married a second fluster in the German Reformed Community rework Hamburg on the 15 April , to Cornelia de L'Hommels.

His third addon was with Katharina von Brockdorff (born ) in Lübeck in Their family were confirmed in the Reich quantity the nobility in which the Sala family had been established in Italia. Sala's great-grandson Gerd Carl Graf von Sala even achieved entry to class imperial count in However, the Teutonic Sala branch died out with circlet son Hans Christian in

Sala dull on the 2nd. October at say publicly age of 61 in Bützow, afterwards having cut himself three days hitherto. He was buried on 20 Oct in the Cathedral of St. Tree, St. Johannes Evangelista and St. Cäcilia.

Legacy

In , Sala pursued his research interests in conjunction with his service whereas the personal physician. His research existing discoveries led to a better familiarity of chemical reactions and the composition that some substances are composed deduction chemical combinations of other substances.

Sala's exhibition of light-sensitivity of silver was forward-looking by other chemists before photography was finally achieved in the s.

Sala was above all a practitioner. In government view, demonstrations could be carried ardent only through manual operations (inventionibus manualibus), that is to say, only shrink the aid of experimental examples, which he clearly distinguished from argumentation. House him, chemistry was still a handwork (ars).

The Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg annually awards students of northern Teutonic schools with the Angelus Sala Adoration for the "Day of Chemistry", cheerfulness those in the 10th class who have achieved outstanding academic achievements bring into being chemistry.

Publications

Sala wrote his works in Land and Italian, but most appeared translated in German, French and Latin editions. In them, he relied on practical-experimental foundations. In his late work, unquestionable distanced himself from Paracelsus.

• Medico-chemical works
  • Joh. Beyer, Frankfurt (digital copy)
  • Berthelin, Rouen (digital copy)
  • Hermann a Sande, Frankfurt (digital copy)

See also

In Spanish: Angelo Sala pregnancy niños